Biology Category
Investigate the origins and limits of life, from extremophiles on Earth to habitable exoplanets and ocean moons — the search for life beyond our planet.
Welcome to the Astrobiology category of this site. Here you will find clear, detailed articles covering key topics related to Astrobiology.
A detailed guide to aerosol biosignatures: searching exoplanet cloud layers. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to alternative biochemistries: life beyond carbon. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to astrobiology and the early earth. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to biosignatures: how to detect life from afar. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to direct imaging of exoplanets: photographing distant worlds. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to europa and enceladus: ocean worlds. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to europa clipper and dragonfly: missions to ocean worlds. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to exoplanets and the search for earth 2.0. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to extremophile enzymes and astrobiotechnology. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to extremophiles and the limits of life. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to habitability criteria: what makes a world suitable. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to habitability of red dwarf planets. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to how life began: chemistry on the early earth. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to hydrothermal vents and the origin of life. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to interstellar ices: chemistry in dark molecular clouds. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to interstellar objects: oumuamua and vagrant samples. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to kepler and tess: the exoplanet discovery revolution. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to life in venus's clouds: the phosphine debate. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to life on mars: past and present. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to mars missions and astrobiology. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to mars sample return: bringing martian rocks to earth. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to meteorite organics: prebiotic compounds from space. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to methanogens and martian methane: gas signals of life. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to microbial radiation tolerance: limits of survival. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to panspermia: did life travel between worlds?. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to peptide origins: prebiotic polymer chemistry. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to planetary escape: how worlds lose atmospheres and oceans. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to planetary protection: keeping worlds clean. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to prebiotic chemistry: building blocks of life. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to searching for technosignatures. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to serpentinization and abiogenesis: geology of life's start. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to snowball earth: a planet-wide deep freeze. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to subsurface biospheres: life in deep rock aquifers. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the chronology of life's emergence: timing the first cells. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the drake equation: estimating civilizations. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the emergence of complexity: from molecules to cells. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the faint young sun paradox: an early earth riddle. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the fermi paradox: where is everyone?. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the gaia hypothesis: life as a planetary regulator. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the galactic habitable zone: location in the milky way. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the great oxidation event: when oxygen transformed the earth. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the habitable zone: where life could thrive. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the last universal common ancestor: rooting the tree of life. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the lipid world hypothesis: membranes at life's origin. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the miller-urey experiment: simulating life's start. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the origin of biological homochirality. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to the rare earth hypothesis: is complex life rare in the universe?. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevanc
Learn about the rna world hypothesis — covering why RNA came first, catalytic RNA, and the role of RNA world in this fundamental biological process.
A detailed guide to the transit method: finding exoplanets in the shadows. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
A detailed guide to titan and venus: unexpected candidates. Covers key mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical relevance.
